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Static IP Configuration

Purpose and Advantages of Static IP​

Static IP configuration ensures that a device has a fixed address on the network, providing stable and reliable network connections for various application scenarios.

Main Application Scenarios​

  1. Ensuring Stable Device Accessibility

    • The device always maintains the same IP address, facilitating remote access and control
    • Suitable for scenarios requiring fixed addresses such as Web servers, MQTT communication, and PLC control

  2. Simplifying Network Management

    • In local area networks or industrial networks, devices like cameras, sensors, and controllers require fixed IPs
    • Facilitates stable connections for other systems and services

  3. Adapting to Special Network Environments

    • Static IPs must be used in environments without DHCP services (e.g., industrial control, edge computing)
    • Avoids reliance on dynamic address assignment

  4. Improving Development and Debugging Efficiency

    • Fixed IPs facilitate quick device location and connection
    • Simplifies repetitive testing processes

  5. Supporting Device Discovery Mechanisms

    • When accessing devices via a preset IP range, a static IP ensures the device responds as expected

Comparison of Static IP Advantages​

AdvantageDescription
Stable and ReliableThe IP address remains fixed, ensuring stable communication for long-running devices
Friendly to Headless EnvironmentsSuitable for environments without a graphical interface, such as embedded devices
Convenient Remote MaintenanceMore efficient when connecting via SSH, Web, API, etc.
Adapts to Closed NetworksMust use static IP in industrial networks or private networks without DHCP
Automation SupportDeployment, monitoring, and update scripts rely on IP consistency

System Configuration​

IP Address Selection Recommendation
  • Avoid using IP addresses close to boundary values such as 0, 1, 254, 255
  • Using an IP like 192.168.1.254 might be preempted by other applications, leading to unstable connections
  • It is recommended to use IP addresses in the middle range, e.g., 192.168.1.100 - 192.168.1.200

Configuration Steps​

  1. Connect to the System Terminal

    • Use SSH to connect to the device system

  2. Check Network Interfaces

    • Execute command:ip link show
    • Note the network interface name, e.g., eth0, end0
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  3. Edit the Network Configuration File

    • Execute command:nano /etc/systemd/network/end0.network
    • Note: Replace end0 in the filename with the actual network interface name
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  4. Configure Static IP Parameters

    • Modify the file content as follows (adjust according to the actual network environment):
    [Match]
    # Match the network interface name, modify according to the actual situation
    Name=end0

    [Network]
    # Set the static IP address and subnet mask
    # /24 indicates the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0
    Address=192.168.1.100/24
    # Set the default gateway address
    Gateway=192.168.1.1
    # Set DNS servers
    DNS=8.8.8.8
    DNS=114.114.114.114
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  5. Save and Apply Configuration

    • Press Ctrl + S to save the file
    • Press Ctrl + X to exit the editor
    • Execute the command to restart the network service:systemctl restart systemd-networkd

  6. Verify the Configuration Result

    • Execute command:ip a
    • Confirm that the displayed IP address matches the configuration
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PC Configuration​

To ensure that the PC can communicate normally with the device that has a static IP set, corresponding network configuration is required on the PC.

Network Parameter Settings​

ParameterConfiguration RequirementDescription
Local IP192.168.1.xxxMust be in the same subnet as the device IP
Gateway192.168.1.1Must match the gateway configured on the device
Subnet Mask255.255.255.0Corresponds to the /24 configuration of the device IP
DNS Server8.8.8.8, 114.114.114.114Use commonly available public DNS services

Configuration Methods​

Windows System​

  1. Open "Network and Sharing Center"
  2. Click "Change adapter settings"
  3. Right-click the currently used network connection and select "Properties"
  4. Double-click "Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4)"
  5. Select "Use the following IP address" and fill in the corresponding parameters

macOS System​

  1. Open "System Preferences" → "Network"
  2. Select the currently used network connection
  3. Click "Advanced" → "TCP/IP"
  4. Configure "IPv4" to "Manually"
  5. Fill in the corresponding IP address, subnet mask, and router address

Connectivity Test​

After configuration, it is recommended to perform a connectivity test:

# Execute the ping command on the PC to test connectivity
ping 192.168.1.100

# If a reply is received, the network configuration is successful.
Troubleshooting

If the device cannot be pinged, please check:

  • Whether the network cable connection is normal
  • Whether the firewall settings are blocking communication
  • Whether the IP addresses are in the same subnet
  • Whether the subnet mask and gateway configurations are correct
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